Minecraft is a sandbox video game developed by Mojang Studios. The game was created by Markus "Notch" Persson in the Java programming language. Following several early private testing versions, it was first made public in May 2009 before fully releasing in November 2011, with Notch stepping down and Jens "Jeb" Bergensten taking over development. Minecraft has since been ported to several other platforms and is the best-selling video game of all time, with over 238 million copies sold and nearly 140 million monthly active users as of 2021.

In Minecraft, players explore a blocky, procedurally generated 3D world with virtually infinite terrain, and may discover and extract raw materials, craft tools and items, and build structures, earthworks and simple machines. Depending on game mode, players can fight computer-controlled mobs, as well as cooperate with or compete against other players in the same world. Game modes include a survival mode, in which players must acquire resources to build the world and maintain health, and a creative mode where players have unlimited resources and access to flight. Players can modify the game to create new gameplay mechanics, items, and assets.

Minecraft received critical acclaim, winning several awards and later being cited as one of the greatest video games of all time. Social media, parodies, adaptations, merchandise, and the annual Minecon conventions played large roles in popularizing the game. The game has also been used in educational environments to teach chemistry, computer-aided design, and computer science. In 2014, Mojang and the Minecraft intellectual property were purchased by Microsoft for US$2.5 billion. A number of spin-off games have also been made, including Minecraft: Story Mode, Minecraft Dungeons, and Minecraft Earth.


Minecraft
The default player skin, Steve, running across a grassy plain while carrying a Iron pickaxe. Alongside him is a tamed wolf. In the background, there is a pig, a chicken, a cow, a skeleton, a zombie, and a creeper. Mountains and cliffs fill the background, and the sky is blue, filled with clouds. Hovering over the scene is the Minecraft logo.
Promotional cover art
Developer(s)Mojang Studios[b]
Publisher(s)
  • Mojang Studios[c]
  • Xbox Game Studios[d]
  • Sony Interactive Entertainment[e]
Designer(s)
  • Markus Persson[f]
  • Jens Bergensten[g]
Artist(s)
  • Markus Toivonen
  • Jasper Boerstra
Composer(s)C418[h]
SeriesMinecraft
Platform(s)
Windows, macOS, Linux
Release
18 November 2011[a]
Genre(s)Sandbox, survival
Mode(s)Single-player, multiplayer